Window Operating system (Unit III)

                            What is Windows?
• An operating system and Graphical User Interface (GUI) created by Microsoft and found on most computer systems (but not all!).
• Allows for easy “point and click” operations between the user and the different files and programs with which they wish to work.
• While there are many different versions of Windows, the fundamentals are the same.

Menu bar:
• On many windows you will see a menu bar, which allows you to access features within that particular program.
• Office 2010 programs have a menu bar as well, but it’s configured differently and is called “the ribbon”
Scroll Bars.
• Scroll bars often appear at the bottom and even more often on the right hand side of a window, if there is a lot of content.
• Scroll bars are disabled when the content displayed is limited enough to fit within the dimensions of the window.


Cut/Copy/Paste
• Cut , copy, and paste commands can be used with to move text, graphics and other items from one
application to the next (Internet Explorer to Microsoft Word, for instance).
• Copied or cut items are placed in temporary storage (the Clipboard) and can be retrieved as
long as the computer is on or if the item hasn’t been replaced by another that you select.
• An item on the Clipboard can be pasted multiple times.
 
Cut/Copy/Paste
1. Select the item (text or graphic) to be copied by either highlighting the text or right clicking on the graphic.
2. Once you have made your selection, in the case of text, notice that it remains highlighted
3. You can now right click on your selection and select Copy OR Press [Ctrl ]+ [C].
4. Now you have copied the material and you can use it to paste into another application...
Cut/Copy/Paste
• Once you have copied the item, go to the application where you would like to paste it.
• Place your cursor where you want to paste the item in the document (a word file, email, etc.)
• Right Click and then select Paste OR Press [Ctrl]+[V].

 

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Introduction

Windows 3.1 First widely used successful version of Windows Replaced MS-DOS Windows 95 Introduced Start button, taskbar for multitasking, and My Computer for easier file management Windows NT Intended for business computing Increased reliability and security

Windows 98 Active desktop displays Web content Enables Web conventions on the desktop Windows 2000 Security of NT with Windows 98 Interface Windows 2000 Professional and Windows 2000 Server Windows Me (Millennium Edition) Successor to Windows 98 for home computing

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Windows Terminology

Here are a few important terms that you must know to be able to understand the rest of the information on this page. Desktop The entire screen, which contains the Task Bar, Icons, and Windows. Task Bar The horizontal bar that appears at the bottom of the Desktop. It always contains the Start Button and buttons for any minimized applications. Window Control A control on the top right part of a Window that affects its size. _ Minimize: Show window only on the Task Bar [] Maximize/Midimize: Window fills/is-in Desktop X Terminate: discard the window If a window is minimized, click it on the task bar and it will open and move to the desktop. When a window on the desktop is maximized, it fills the entire screen; when such a screen-filling window is midimized, it returns to its original desktop size. Context Menu Right Clicking on Windows, buttons, or Icons brings up a small window containing a list of operations; the user can select which operation (from the list) to perform by clicking it.

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Logging On

The following instructions are for logging onto any machine running Windows XP in CMU's Clusters. When you arrive at a machine, you should see a Welcome to Windows box displayed. Hold down the Ctrl and Alt keys and press the Del key (often written Ctrl+Alt+Delete); a Log on to Windows box will pop up. In the User Name box, enter your Andrew username. In the Password box, enter your Andrew password (it will appear as *'s). Ensure the Log on to option box says ANDREW.CMU.EDU (Kerberos Realm); if it is showing anything else, select this option from this option box. Click the button labelled OK or press the Enter/Return key. If you enter your username and password correctly, you will be logged on; otherwise repeat this process until you successfully logged on.

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Logging Off

When you are finished working on a cluster machine, you should always log off. Before logging off, make sure to Backup all your files that contain useful information. Then ... Drag and Drop all your folders/files from the desktop into the Recycle Bin icon. Drag and Drop all your folders/files from c:\temp into the Recycle Bin icon. Double Click the Recycle Bin icon. Select File | Empty Recycle Bin. Click Yes for Confirm multiple File Delete. To actually log off Click Start and select Shutdown.... The What do you want the computer to do text field should show Log off username (where username is your username on Andrew); if this action is not selected, select it. Click OK or press Enter/Return. At this point the machine will begin logging you off. To ensure that this operation is successful, you should wait until the Welcome to Windows box displayed.

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Viewing File Extensions

File extensions are the the part of the file name after the period (e.g., the mcp in project.mcp or the java in Application.java). It is often very useful to be able to see both file names and extensions. On some Windows operating systems (e.g., 2000), this is the default; on others (e.g., NT) you must follow the instructions below. Open an Explorer window. Select View | Options... Click the View tab, if it is not already visible. Ensure the box labeled Hide file extensions for known types is NOT checked (click it if it is checked to toggle it to unchecked). Click OK You should now be able to see the extensions of all files.

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Renaming Folders and Files

To rename a folder or file (if it is a file with an extension, the extension should remain the same: you will be warned if you accidentally change it); Right Click the folder or file. In its context menu, click the Rename option. Type the new name (and the same extension) in the highlighted blue box. The folder or file should now have the name that you typed.

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Enabling Scrolling in the Console Window

Java programs often input/output text in the console window. If scrolling is enabled on these windows, you can look at all the text printed. On some Windows operating systems (e.g., Windows 2000), this is the default (300 lines); on others (e.g., Windows NT) you must follow the instructions below. To allow [more] scrolling in this window, so that you can see a [longer] history of all your program's input/output, perform the following steps (you may have to perform these steps each time that you log on): Right Click in the header (on the top of the frame) of the Console Window. Click Properties. Select the Layout tab. In the Screen Buffer Size section, type 1000 (or an even bigger number) into the Height text field. Click OK. On the Apply Properties window, check the bullet marked Save properties for future windows with same title. Click OK. The console window should now be scrollable (you should see the scrolling tab along the right border of the window)

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Zipping Files

WinZip (the zipping/unzippng software) is already installed on all the computers in the cluster. If you want to install it on your own computer, follow this link to the WinZip web page to download a copy). Programming assignments must be turned in as single zip file that contains all the files inside a project folder. To zip all the files in a folder named F, for example, into a single zip file Right Click the folder that you want to zip. In its context menu, select the Add to F.zip option (note that the name of the folder, in this example F, always precedes the zip extension; do not use the more generic Add to Zip operation). A WinZip window will automatically appear and disappear from your screen (this might happen so fast that you do not see it). When finished you should see a new file on your desktop (or wherever the folder you zipped came from) with the same names as your folder (the folder will still be there too) and the zip file extension (so in this case, the zip file is named F.zip).

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Unzipping Files

To unzip all the files in a zip file, for example F.zip Right Click the zip file that you want to unzip. In its context menu, select the Extract to folder C:\...F option (note that the name of the zip file, in this example F, always appears at the end of the selection). When finished you should see a new folder on your desktop (or wherever the folder you unzipped came from) with the same names as the zip file (the zip file will still be there too; so in this case, the folder is named F).